Most county contracts don't need a UEI. You may need one when a county project is paid with federal grants, because the county must check that contractors aren't excluded from federal work.
How to get one
Request a UEI free at SAM.gov. You can get just a UEI, or complete a full SAM registration if you want to bid on federal contracts directly. Never pay a third party for a UEI; the government doesn't charge for it.
Where it's used
Federally funded county bids may ask for your UEI on a certification form. Save it in your FactWise Vault so autofill can add it when needed.